Biostratigraphic investigations assisted by virtual outcrop modeling: a case study from an Eocene shallow-water carbonate succession (Val Rosandra gorge, Trieste, NE Italy)

Lorenzo Consorti¹, Amerigo Corradetti², Mehdi Hadi³, Marco Franceschi², Monia Sabbatino², Sara Bensi⁴, Nicolò Bertone² & Lorenzo Bonini^2
1Istituto di Scienze Marine (ISMAR-CNR), Area Science Park, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy.
²Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze, Università di Trieste, Via Weiss 2, Trieste, Italy.
³Independent Researcher in Stratigraphy and Paleontology, Mashhad, Iran.
⁴Direzione centrale difesa dell’ambiente, energia e sviluppo sostenibile, Servizio geologico, Regione Friuli Venezia Giulia, Via Sant’Anastasio 3, Trieste, Italy.
Corresponding author e-mail: amerigo.corradetti@units.it

Virtual outcrop modeling has emerged as a tool for supporting geological field activities such as geological mapping and stratigraphic investigations. Here we show how this technique can be used to support the detailed stratigraphic logging and sampling with a case history from the Eocene carbonate platform succession exposed in the Val Rosandra gorge, in the vicinity of the city of Trieste, NE Italy. The biostratigraphic analysis highlighted the occurrence of Shallow Benthic zones (SBZ) 10 to 12 and the planktonic zones E7/E8. An upwards-deepening trend, from inner platform to a hemipelagic domain, is observed through the studied stratigraphic interval and is in accordance with the vertical evolution recorded in other Eocene successions of the Adriatic Carbonate Platform. Aerial drone imaging was used to produce a virtual outcrop model of the studied succession that provided a high- resolution geometrical framework for field measurements, sample geotagging and observations. For instance, the virtual outcrop model assisted in determining the true thickness of beds, a task that can be subject to significant imprecisions when measurements are taken by hand. Ultimately, the integration of virtual outcrop modeling with classical sampling and measuring methods resulted in accurate stratimetry and in the precise spatial positioning of samples that were taken for biostratigraphy and facies characterization.

CARG project, Carbonate platform, Alveolina, Biostratigraphy, 3D model, Orthoimages.